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Tâm lý giao dịch

Tâm lý giao dịch chỉ những tác nhân tinh thần và cảm xúc trong quy trình đưa ra quyết định khi giao dịch. Nó đại diện cho tính cách và những hành vi của nhà giao dịch có khả năng ảnh hưởng đến kết quả giao dịch.

Notably, there are many ways in which these aspects of one’s character are exhibited, be it through fear, greed, arrogance and even hope. But of the four emotions, fear and greed are considered to have a primary influence on trading psychology, particularly in regard to risk taking and discipline.

Being too greedy may lead to decisions that are considered overly risky. Being too scared can result in missed opportunities or hindered trading with little capital gain. Developing self-awareness is likely to help a trader identify recurring negative behavioural patterns and the way they cloud sound judgement.

This enables the trader to address the behaviours to ensure objectivity and rational trading decisions.

Tài chính hành vi: Ảnh hưởng của định kiến.

The study of trading psychology looks at the reasons behind traders making potentially foolish decisions in the market or pertinent to other financial matters. Behavioural finance in particular melds psychology and finance to investigate the impact of human behaviour on financial choices and trading outcomes.

In other words, it identifies psychological influences and biases that drive trader and financial practitioner behaviour and explores how this behaviour can affect market outcomes. Behavioural finance is also examined to gain a better understanding of different outcomes across a range of sectors and industries.

Additionally, behavioural finance proposes that financial participants are not entirely rational or perfectly self-controlled. Instead, they are influenced by psychological factors, and possess relatively normal, self-controlling tendencies. Behavioural finance also purports that decision making in the context of finance is driven by one’s mental and physical wellbeing.

In other words, one’s mental state fluctuates based on the level of their overall health. Some of the most common behavioural biases include overconfidence, herd behaviour, mental accounting, emotional gap, anchoring, self-attribution, and loss aversion.

Giao dịch cảm tính

Another popular term falling within the scope of trading psychology is emotional trading (or emotional investing). Similar to behavioural finance, emotional trading refers to behavioural impulses triggered by market volatilities, resulting in emotional buying or selling of assets.

Giao dịch cảm tính có thể chịu ảnh hưởng bởi nhiều cảm xúc khác nhau, như hoảng loạn, tham lam, phấn khích, sợ hãi hoặc thậm chí là quá tự tin.

Some common examples of emotional trading decisions include overtrading, panic selling, confirmation bias, and others. Getting a handle on emotional trading requires emotional intelligence to maintain discipline and manage psychological stressors.

Engaging in ongoing learning and investing in personal development will help a trader acquire vital skills like self-regulation, empathy, and confidence.

Bản năng giao dịch

An additional key aspect of trading psychology is the concept of trading instincts, i.e., the intuitive or gut feelings that traders may experience when making decisions in financial markets.

Trusting one’s instincts however comes with a robust self-awareness and having the ability to separate a legitimate, rational decision from one driven by emotional impulse. It’s realising that one’s objectivity may be skewed or clouded by bias and taking the steps to rectify the problem.

Ba trong số các hiện tượng tâm lý phổ biến nhất có khả năng ảnh hưởng đến quá trình đưa ra quyết định hợp lý là thiên kiến cảm quan (đưa ra một quan điểm dựa vào thông tin vốn đã có mang định kiến), tránh né những thứ mơ hồ (nỗi sợ những thứ mình không biết), và hữu hình hóa dự kiến (khi bạn biến dự kiến của mình thành đối tượng trọng tâm, thay vì gắng sức đạt được điều mình dự kiến).

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